en عمومى General مروری Review article <div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none; border-right:none; padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">The gut barrier comprises physical, chemical, and immunological components that collaborate to safeguard the gastrointestinal tract. The mucus layer is considered the most important layer of the gut barrier that plays an important role in maintaining the gut barrier integrity and any changes in the structure and unity of the mucosal layer lead to impairment of the gut barrier which is related to hazardous intestinal tract disease. On the other hand, the human gut microbiota and sometimes gut virome plays a vital role in maintaining gut barrier integrity. Any dysbiosis can disrupt this balance, affecting the mucus layer&#39;s function and the gut barrier. </span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Method: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">A thorough search of 169 papers was carried out across databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Out of these, 57 articles published up to 2017 were chosen for the study. Furthermore, 6 papers from before 2017 were included as there were no recent studies available. The titles, abstracts, and full texts of these articles were reviewed using the Mendeley application.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">In normal status of body, gut microbiota can maintain the structure and function of the gut mucus layer through various mechanism while dysbiosis negatively affect the expression, structure, and function of, disrupting the mucus layer&#39;s role as a critical component of the gut barrier. Limited research has been done on the virome in the gut, and its effects on the gut barrier and mucus layers are still under investigation.</span></span></span></span></div> Gut microbiota, Gut barrier, Gut virome, Mucus layer, Mucins, Trefoil factors family 46 57 http://journal.isv.org.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-361-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Roya Rasooly Heshteli rasoolyroya@gmail.com 10031947532846008020 10031947532846008020 No Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Khalilzadeh fereshtehkhalilzadeh1377@gmail.com 10031947532846008021 10031947532846008021 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Dariush Farhud farhud@sina.tums.ac.ir 10031947532846008022 10031947532846008022 Yes Research Center for Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran