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Monkeypox Poses A Serious Public Health Challenge, A Comprehensive Review
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Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra *   , Sana Yousefian Jazi , Fariba Ghaed Amini , Parisa Mohammadisefat |
| Department of Scientific Information and Communication, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran |
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Abstract: (1876 Views) |
Abstract
Background and Aims: Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease due to Orthopoxvirus infection that has reemerged after decades of Smallpox eradication, raising international concern. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was originally found in Central and West Africa in the 1970s, but it has now crossed the borders of Africa, Europe, and America and recorded the most newly infected patients at the time. Common ways of transmission could be the zoonotic and human-to-human transmission. The most common means of transmission are direct and prolonged contact with patient bodily fluids, unprotected contact with lesions, and sexual contact. Early symptoms can manifest as headache, fever, and lymph node inflammation. Despite the similarity in clinical manifestation between Smallpox and Monkeypox, swollen lymph nodes can distinguish MPX from Smallpox. MPX has five stages based on the clinical manifestation of lesions appearing on the skin, macula, papule, vesicle, pustule, and scar. Also, there are several methods for detecting, preventing, and treating MPXV. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Monkeypox and various aspects of the disease were discussed.
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| Keywords: Monkeypox, Poxviruses, Diagnosis, Transmission, Phylogeny, Epidemiology |
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Full-Text [PDF 736 kb]
(980 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review article |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2023/05/16 | Accepted: 2024/12/29 | Published: 2023/07/24
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