ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background and Aims: Influenza vaccination is one of the best way to prevent and control influenza worldwide. It is manufactured by WHO-licensed companies based on the WHO expertise committee annually. The aim of this study was partial quality control of the commercial human influenza vaccine 2008-9 and its matching with the circulating strains. Materials and Methods: The trivalent imported vaccine was cultured in bacterial and fungal media, injected to the mice and inoculated into the allantoic cavity of Embryonated Chicken Eggs (ECEs). Hemagglutination-Inhibition (HI) assay was carried out on pre and post vaccination serum samples. The bacterial endotoxin was assessed by LAL assay. The Hemagglutinin (HA) content of the vaccine was measured using SRID. Heterogenecity of the circulating influenza strains during 2008-9 seasons in Tehran in comparison to the vaccine strains was determined. Results: No bacterial contamination and no occurrence of mortality and morbidity in animal was observed. The mean fold increase of HI antibody titer in subjects without previous vaccination for H1N1, H3N2 and B strains were 6.7, 3.3 and 1.8 respectively, while in subjects with previous vaccination were 4, 1.6 and 1.1 for same strains. Amino acid variation was found in Tehran H1N1 isolates but the H3N2 isolates showed higher genetic resemblance to the 2008-9 vaccine strain. Conclusion: The sterility, safety, and efficacy of the vaccine were approved and there was some variation in A/H1N1 but not in A/H3N2 isolates in comparison with the vaccine strain. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-89-en.pdf 2014-11-07 1 7 10.21859/isv.6.2.1 Human influenza vaccine Phylogenetic Analysis Hemagglutination-Inhibition (HI) SF Mousavi 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Tavassoti-Kheiri 2 . Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Taghizadeh 3 Food and Drug Control Laboratories and Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR F Fotouhi 4 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR B Heydarchi 5 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Tabatabaiean 6 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR A Torabi 7 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR SM Hosseini 8 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background and Aims: The aim of this study was cloning and expression of rabies virus glycoprotein by a eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) in BSR cell line. This construct might be used for a potential DNA vaccine. Materials and Methods: Glycoprotein gene was synthesized and cloned into pBluescript vector and then sub cloned into eukaryotic expression vector (pcDNA3.1(+)). After verification of the cloning, the recombinant plasmid was transfected into BSR cell line (a clone of BHK-21 cell), and its expression was detected by RT-PCR. Results: The authenticity of the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-Gp has been confirmed by a quick check method and restriction endonuclease digestion analysis, and after transfection into eukaryotic cells, the presence of mRNA transcripts was verified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the construction of eukaryotic expression plasmid for rabies virus glycoprotein is possible. Nevertheless, more work is necessary to develop this kind of vaccine for final use. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-90-en.pdf 2014-11-07 8 11 10.21859/isv.6.2.8 Rabies virus glycoprotein DNA vaccine Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) K Borhani 1 Department of Virology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR T Bamdad 2 Department of Virology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Ajorloo 3 Department of Virology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR SHR Mozhgani 4 Human Rabies Vaccine Laboratory, Production and Research Complex Pasteur, Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR N Miandehi 5 Viral Vaccines Production Department, Production and Research Complex Pasteur, Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR A Moradi-Joshaghan 6 Viral Vaccines Production Department, Production and Research Complex Pasteur, Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR AR Gholami 7 Viral Vaccines Production Department, Production and Research Complex Pasteur, Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background and Aims: Each year, the influenza virus causes moderate to severe infections with a high prevalence throughout the world. Accordingly, an influenza vaccine that ensures protection with only a single dose would be a much more cost effective approach to influenza prophylaxis. Generation of Influenza non-replicating virus-like particles (VLP) in baculoviral expression system is an attractive method for achieving this goal. One of the main components of such particles is Neuraminidase surficial glycoprotein that has important role to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses. Materials and Methods: In this study, the NA coding region amplified from the human influenza virus [A/New Caledonia 20/1999/ (H1N1)] was used to construct the NA recombinant bacmid into E.coli DH10Bac cells. Results: After verification of the new recombinant bacmid, it was transfected into the Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cell line to generate recombinant baculovirus expressing the NA gene. The expression of NA in insect cells was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. Conclusion: The recombinant baculovirus expressing the NA gene can be used in construction of influenza VLP when co-infect along with the other monocistronic baculoviruses expressing influenza Hemagglutinin and Matrix antigens. Moreover, the NA protein expressed in insect cells might be fully glycosylated and therefore is appropriate to be use in influenza vaccinology projects. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-91-en.pdf 2014-11-07 12 17 10.21859/isv.6.2.12 Influenza virus SF9 cells Baculovirus Neuraminidase S Najafi 1 Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran AUTHOR F Behzadian 2 Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Center for Sciences and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR F Fotouhi-Chahooki 3 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Tavasoti-Kheiri 4 Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR J Fallah-Mehrabadi 5 Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Center for Sciences and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background and Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a significant proportion (≈ 20 %) of individuals with chronic HCV infection (CHC). Currently, CHC is treated with peginterferon and ribavirin, which depending on genotype approximately 50 to 70% of patients are cured. The so-called “extrahepatic HCV infection” or viral replication in regions of the body other than liver, e.g. peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs), is likely to contribute to the lack of response to treatment in non-responders. In this study, HCV infection of PBMCs was compared between responders- and non-responders HCV-infected patients. Materials and Methods: RT-nested PCR was utilized to detect the plus- and minus- strands of HCV RNA in PBMCs using type-specific primers specific for the HCV core region. Results: Both the plus- and the minus strands of HCV genome were significantly lower in PBMCs of responder- than non-responder patients. Conclusion: The presence of both plus and minus HCV strands in PBMCs was associated with the treatment outcome, such that HCV infection of PBMCs was identified in higher proportion of non-responders relative to responders. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-92-en.pdf 2014-11-07 18 25 10.21859/isv.6.2.18 Responder Groups (End of treatment) ETR Ribavirin Interferon Hepatitis C Virus A Alborzi 1 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR T Bamdad 2 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Ghaderi 3 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR H Salimi 4 Center for Virology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia AUTHOR P Davoodian 5 Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran AUTHOR Sh Merat 6 Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Hossainpor 7 Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran AUTHOR H Jabbari 8 Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR AH Sharifi 9 Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR B Pourhossein 10 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Avian pneumovirus (APV) causes turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) and swollen head syndrome (SHS) of chickens, which is usually accompanied by secondary bacterial infections that increase mortality. In Iran, some serological studies indicated that APV infection is endemic in commercial poultry industry. In this study we diagnosed APV genome molecularly in suspected broiler flock (4 weeks) in Iran and characterized APV genome based on G glycoprotein .In phylogenetic analysis PCRLAB/HG2010 is located in B subtype cluster and near APV strains from Nigeria, Japan and Brazil. It is the first molecular epidemiology study on APV in Iran. In conclusion, vaccination programs in the Iranian poultry industry should be adjusted to include the APV vaccine to aid in the control of this respiratory disease. It is also concluded that more work is required to isolate and characterized AVP in different geographical regions of Iran and different species. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-93-en.pdf 2014-11-07 26 31 10.21859/isv.6.2.26 Avian Metapneumovirus Iran Phylogenetic analysis H Hosseini 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran AUTHOR A Ghalyanchi-Langeroudi 2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE No abstract this article: Preparation and Expression of M2 Gene Plasmid DNA for Potential use in Influenza A Vaccine Production http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-94-en.pdf 2014-11-07 32 34 10.21859/isv.6.2.32 M2 gene plasmid Influenza A vaccine M Esghaei 1 Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR F Fotouhi 2 Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Tavassoti- Kheiri 3 Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR M Tabatabaian 4 Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Sh Shamsi-Shahrabadi 5 Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR SHR Monavari 6 Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR