ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Caspase Cleavage Motifs of Influenza Subtypes Proteins: Alternations May Switch Viral Pathogenicity
Background and Aims: The caspases are unique proteases that mediate the host cell apoptosis during viral infection. In this study, we identified the caspase cleavage motifs of H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses isolated during 1998-2012. Materials and Methods: Amino acid sequences of the eleven proteins encoded by the viruses as the caspase substrates downloaded from NCBI. The caspase cleavage motifs predicted at the three scanning P4P1, P4P2', and P14P10'–trained support vector machine classifier. Results: Data showed that H5N1 and H9N2 viruses were represented the same cleavage motif pattern for some of the viral proteins substrates. The HA, NP, and NS1 of H9N2 viruses were found to possess additional cleavage motifs from 2005, when an outbreak wave of H5N1 viruses was expanded through Asia. Conclusion: Moreover, the cleavage motif of PB1-F2 protein was differing in both subtypes. The results indicated that the caspase activity of PB1-F2 protein may be involve in the viral pathogenicity.
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-129-en.pdf
2015-05-22
1
6
10.21859/isv.7.3.1
Influenza virus
subtypes
Caspase Cleavage Motif
pathogenicity
Shahla
Shahsavandi
1
Razi Vaccine and serum Research Institute, P.O. Box 31975-148, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Majid
Ebrahimi
2
Razi Vaccine and serum Research Institute, P.O. Box 31975-148, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Kaveh
Sadeghi
3
Razi Vaccine and serum Research Institute, P.O. Box 31975-148, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phylogenetic Study Based on the Gene of Attachment Protein (G) Avian Metapneumovirus from Broiler Breeder farm in Iran, 2013
Background and Aims: Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is RNA virus responsible for upper respiratory disease in poultry which is usually accompanied by secondary bacterial infections. In Iran, some molecular and serological studies indicated that aMPV infection occurred in commercial poultry industry. Materials and Methods: In this study aMPV was molecularly identified and characterized in an affected broiler breeder flock. The well-vaccinated flock was suffering from a disease with clinical signs and a drop in egg production. After RNA extraction from tracheal and oropharyngeal samples, the presence of viral RNA was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using primers specific to the attachment glycoprotein(G) gene. Positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetic tree based on sequences results was drawn. Based on sequences analysis, field strain of aMPV was recovered from the flock. Results: Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus (PCRLAB/HG2013) is located in B subtype cluster and is closely related to the aMPV strain that was previously detected in Iran (PCRLAB/HG2010) and other countries (Nigeria, Japan and Brazil). Conclusion: The results showed that field strain of aMPV has the potential to cause disease and economic losses in breeder broiler especially during egg production period. It is also concluded that vaccination against aMPV may not provide full protection in field situation and other control measurements including biosecurity should be taken.
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-130-en.pdf
2015-05-22
7
11
10.21859/isv.7.3.7
Avian metapneumovirus
Iran
Phylogenetic analysis
Broiler Breeder
Arash
Ghalyanchi-Langeroudi
1
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hadi
Haghbin-Nazarpak
2
Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Hosseini
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Seroconversion in Guinea Pigs Following Inoculation of New Formulations of Rubella Vaccine
Background and Aims: Rubella is a contagious viral disease mostly with mild clinical symptoms and often remains undiagnosed. Rubella infection may adversely affect pregnancy, especially in the first trimester and this mother to child transmission can cause congenital rubella and may be lead to permanent disability and mortality in children. Effective rubella vaccine should be prepared using suitable stabilizers. New stabilizers should be selected carefully in the manners that final product meet all requirements of stability, immunogenicity and safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of rubella vaccines that are formulated using two different new stabilizers in comparison to a commonly used vaccine that gelatin is used in it as a stabilizer. Materials and Methods: 28 guinea pigs were prospectively divided into four groups (one control and three test groups) according to the materials that they were subjected to receive, including the vaccines that formulated with hydrolyzed gelatin (G), Sorbitol (S) and Trehalose dehydrate (T) stabilizers. Control group was received sterile water for injection (WFI). Anti-rubella antibodies in the sera were measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) technique. The results were analyzed by Generalized Estimating equations (GEE) statistical test. Results: Our results showed that all three formulated vaccines (G, S and T) induced seroconversion in guinea pigs however the vaccine that contained Trehalose dehydrate (T) induced a slightly higher level of antibody against rubella virus (p<0.01). Conclusion: As an important part of final bulk of rubella vaccines, stabilizers are continuously studied to achieve safer, more stable and more effective vaccines. In this study, the immunogenicity of newly formulated rubella vaccines (T&S) was comparable to the vaccines which formulated with routine stabilizer (G).
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-131-en.pdf
2015-05-22
12
16
10.21859/isv.7.3.12
Rubella virus
haemagglutination inhibition (HI)
Seroconversion
S
Shokri
1
Department of Human Viral Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
MK
Shahkarami
2
Department of Human Viral Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
A
Shafyi
3
Department of Human Viral Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
A
Mohammadi
4
Department of Human Viral Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
F
Esna-ashari
5
Department of Human Viral Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
A
Hamta
6
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of the Commercial Mixed Live Newcastle Disease and Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines and the Use of Two Separate Vaccines Given Simultaneously on Systemic Antibody Responses
Background and Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Newcastle Disease and Infectious Bronchitis vaccination programs in chickens. Materials and Methods and Results: In the present study, 225 day-old broiler chicks divided into 5 groups. The groups were submitted to vaccinations, except for the non-vaccinated control group. The chickens in the groups 1 were kept as a control group and did not receive vaccine. The chickens in the group 2 were vaccinated with commercial mixed vaccine. The chickens in the groups 3 were vaccinated with two separate vaccines simultaneously. The chickens in the group 4 were vaccinated with single ND vaccine. The chickens in the groups 5 were vaccinated with single IB vaccine. Sera were collected at 18 and 45 days of age and submitted to serologic tests to assess antibody levels. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that there is not any significant statistical difference between the vaccinated groups.
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-132-en.pdf
2015-05-22
17
21
10.21859/isv.7.3.17
Immune response
Newcastle Disease
Infectious Bronchitis
Commercial mixed live vaccines (IBV+NDV)
Broiler chicks
Mansour
Mayahi
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Forough
Talazadeh
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Aslahi
3
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adenovector Mediated Inflammation in Mice Liver Boosted by Hydrodynamic Injection
Background and Aims: Adenovector gene transfer induces inflammatory response that finally leads to vector removal from delivered site. The effect of hydrodynamic pre-injection on Adenovector mediated liver inflammation remained elusive. Materials and Methods: Different mice groups were pre-treated by hydrodynamic saline, dexamethasone or nothing prior to Adeno-Luciferase administration. Their samples were collected in 18 hours later and serum IL-1β level as a marker of inflammation was quantified. Also, liver histological assessment was performed to score the inflammatory grade. Results and Conclusion: In spite of dexamethasone group, both hydrodynamic/Ad-Luc and Ad-Luc receiving groups induced the expression of IL-1β cytokine (p<0.05). The pathological views also indicated more inflammation and necrosis inside the different zones of liver tissue in these two adenovector injected groups. These results emphasized that Adenovector served as a suitable inflammatory model and hydrodynamic injection enhances this kind of inflammation.
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-133-en.pdf
2015-05-22
22
26
10.21859/isv.7.3.22
Hydrodynamic injection
Adenoviral vector
Inflammation
Fatemeh
Rezaei
1
GastroenteroHepatology Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Younes
Hosseini
2
GastroenteroHepatology Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ameneh
Pakniat
3
Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Bit
Geramizadeh
4
Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammadreza
Fattahi
5
GastroenteroHepatology
AUTHOR
Narges
Nejabat
6
GastroenteroHepatology Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Farhad
Koohpeyma
7
Endocrine and metabolism research center, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of Human Coronavirus NL63 in a 28 Days Old Newborn in Iran
No abstract this article: Detection of Human Coronavirus NL63 in a 28 Days Old Newborn in Iran
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-134-en.pdf
2015-05-22
27
28
10.21859/isv.7.3.27
Human Coronavirus
NL63 i
Mojdeh
Sultani
1
Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Talat
Mokhtari-Azad
2
Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Jila
Yavarian
3
Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR