ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Abstract Background and Aims: IP-10 molecule is a new biomarker to predict response to treatment in chronic HCV infection. Also urine IP-10 has been suggested as a biomarker in other infections. But already, it has low data in urine as well as serum level of IP-10 for HCV infection. The aim of this study was to assess urine and serum level of IP-10 in patients with type 1 and 3a HCV infection. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 105 patients with HCV infection were involved in three 35 people groups. Blood and urine sample of all patients was collected to determine IP-10 level. Finally, data analysis was reported using SPSS, mean statistics analysis and T test. Results: The age mean was 41.6±11.2 ranging 21-68. Urine and serum level of IP-10 in patient group was significantly higher than control (p=0.001). Serum level of IP-10 based on HCV genotype was higher significantly in genotype 1a than 3a (p=0.001) but there was no significant difference of urine IP-10 level between genotypes 1a and 3a. Conclusions: The results show IP-10 is a proper marker to determine the prognosis of fibrosis and progress liver inflammation and on the other hand, the prediction of response to treatment differs in various genotypes of HCV infection. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-219-en.pdf 2016-09-09 1 8 10.21859/isv.9.4.1 Hepatitis C IP-10 serum and urine genotype 3a and 1a Zahra Moallemi ahvasmehjani@gmail.com 1 Associate Professor, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran AUTHOR Jamshid Ayatollahi a.ahmadi.tums.ac@gmail.com 2 Associate Professor, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran AUTHOR Masoud Doosti m.doosti58@gmail.com 3 Associate Professor, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Abstract Background and Aims: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is very common in the population. Virus belongs to the family Herpesviridae, whose representatives are characterized by the ability to cause the human body's latent persistent infections. The goal of the study is to assess the CMVV infection frequency and PCR method in the choice of CMV in inflammatory eye disease, Comparing with CMV presence in Eye Infection and the control group. Materials and Methods: Primers were designed for conserved regions of the CMV genome. We have used PCR to rapid, accurate detection of EBV DNA in blood and from eye swabs as well as pp65 antigenemia. We have chosen to study patients with eye inflammation or infection symptom. Results: CMV DNA was detectable in three 21 out of 130 control samples of serum (16.5%). CMV infection was seen in 9 out of 20 (45%) patients’ serum samples. Compared with the controls, the presence of EBV DNA was only significantly increased in samples of the patient group. 13 out of 20 (65%) patients in patients and 19 out of 130 (14.61%) of the control group had detectable CMV DNA in their ocular swab. Conclusion: We have presented evidence for the presence of CMV sequences in normal and eye inflammation samples with PCR. CMV serology was available for a large number of individuals. The prevalence of CMV in ocular disease samples varied dramatically that this wide range may be due to variations and inconsistency in the techniques used to detect the virus and its Components, as well as geography and genetic susceptibility. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-235-en.pdf 2016-10-16 9 17 10.21859/isv.9.4.9 cytomegalovirus CMV PCR analysis serum and ocular swab inflammatory eye disease Jalil Omidian 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran AUTHOR Fariba Sheikhi-Shooshtari 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Abstract Background and Aims: Vaccination of poultry has a major impact on the prevention and control of avian influenza viruses. Nanobiotechnology techniques provide a new approach for improvement of influenza vaccine efficacy. In this study, efficacy of an inactivated nano-adjuvant vaccine developed based on an endemic H9N2 virus was evaluated in SPF chickens. Materials and Methods: In each three trial 40 specific pathogen free (SPF) white Leghorn chickens were used in four groups. Chickens from treatment groups (n= 10) via subcutaneous route received a single dose of the nano-adjuvant or the oil emulsion Razi® H9N2 vaccines. Chickens in the control group C received antigen only. All the birds were challenged with H9N2 strain on day 21 post-vaccination. Cloacal and tracheal swabs were taken at 1-10 days post-challenge and viral shedding was examined using inoculation of SPF embryonated eggs. Results: Both vaccinated SPF chicken groups induced complete protection against clinical signs. Viral shedding in the nano-adjuvant H9N2 vaccinated chickens was completely blocked after challenge with a homologous H9N2 virus. Statistical analysis based on the protection effects of the chickens immunized with nano-adjuvant and the Razi® H9N2 vaccine showed no significant difference, but there was a significant difference to un-vaccinated group. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that the nano-adjuvant vaccine was efficacious in protection of SPF chickens over H9N2 infection. Further field experiments are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of the vaccines under field conditions. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-249-en.pdf 2017-02-25 18 23 10.21859/isv.9.4.18 nano-adjuvant vaccine Influenza virus Zohreh Mojahedi z.mojahedi@rvsri.ac.ir 1 Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Alborz, Iran AUTHOR Mahdi Vasfi Marandi mvmarand@ut.ac.ir 2 Faculty of veterinary medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Khosrow Aghaipour khosrow_ak@yahoo.com 3 Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Alborz, Iran AUTHOR Hamid Mahdavi H.mahdavi@ippi.ac.ir 4 Polyemer and Petrochemical institute, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Seyed Ali Ppourbakhsh a.pourbakhsh@rvsri.ac.ir 5 Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Alborz, Iran AUTHOR Ali Anissian anissian.a@abhariau.ac.ir 6 Department of veterinary medicine, Islamic azad University, Abhar, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Abstract Background and Aims: The number of new cancer cases with considerable mortality is increasing worldwide. Since the inability of current therapies in treatment of patients and prevention the progress of tumors with fewer side effects, implementation of new methods is needed. Gene therapy has widespread systemic cytotoxic effects against tumor cells. Rotavirus NSP4 has been shown to elicit extensive cytotoxic activities in transfected or infected cells. In this study, the biological cytotoxic effect of NSP4 rotavirus protein was investigation on TC-1 tumor cell integrity. Materials and Methods: NSP4 gene of rotavirus was cloned into the pCDH plasmid and then TC-1 tumor cells were transfected with plasmids. After reviewing the presence of this protein by SDS-PAGE and confirming NSP4 expression by western blotting using anti- NSP4 antibody, the cytotoxic effect of NSP4 expression in TC-1 tumor cells was measured by the MTT assay. Results: Significant differences were observed in the cell viability between the control groups and the group of cells that received NSP4 gene. Conclusion: Rotavirus NSP4 gene posses specific cell cytotoxicity and is potentially effective in tumor destruction. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-217-en.pdf 2016-09-05 24 28 10.21859/isv.9.4.24 Rotavirus NSP4 Enterotoxin Cytotoxicity Cancer Therapy Zohreh Farahmand zohre.farahmand@modares.ac.ir 1 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Hoorieh Soleimanjahi soleim_h@modares.ac.com 2 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Ehsan Arefian Aref58@yahoo.com 3 Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran AUTHOR Zahra Goodarzi Goodarzi002@gmail.com 4 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Hadi Razavinikoo Hadi_razavi@yahoo.com 5 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Yasaman Rezaie Rezaie.yasaman@yahoo.com 6 Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Abstract Background and Aims: The burden of HIV infection and disease continues to be a major global public health concern all over the world. This study was conducted to measure IgG antibody against EBV viral capsid antigen (EBV-VCA IgG), Herpes Simplex Type1, and 2 to determine the seroprevalence of this infection in HIV-positive population. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study between March and August 2016 was conducted in keyvan virology laboratory enrolling 84 HIV-positive patients with different age and sexes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for determination of IgG antibody against Herpes Simplex Type1, Type 2 viruses, EBV and HIV viral load detected in plasma by Real time-PCR in obtained samples from HIV-positive patients. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 66.7% for anti-HSV-1 IgG, 14.3% for anti-HSV-2 IgG, and 94% for anti-EBV IgG. There was no significant difference between the sex groups for HSV-1 and -2, EBV and HIV load and their IgG level. This study also showed a correlation between the age, and the antibody titers only for HSV-1 and -2 with P=0.030 and P= 0.024, respectively. Conclusions: In our study, the seroprevalence of EBV and HSV-1 IgG were higher in HIV-positive patients. It can be derived that HSV-2 virus is not major coinfection in Iran, thus requires less attention than others, but annually monitoring needs for proper health care programs. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-258-en.pdf 2017-02-25 29 34 10.21859/isv.9.4.29 Keywords: HIV EBV HSV-1 HSV-2 Sero-prevalence Atefeh Bahavar At.bahavar@gmail.com 1 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR Seyed Hamid Reza Monavari hrmonavari@yahoo.com 2 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR Hossein Keyvani keyvanlab@yahoo.com 3 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR Maryam Esghaei Maryam.esghaei@gmail.com 4 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR Saied Ghorbani vet.s.ghorbani@gmail.com 5 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR Angila Ataei-Pirkooh ataei.a@iums.ac.ir 6 Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR

SHORT_COMMUNICATION Abstract Viroids are smallest, single-stranded, circular, highly structured plant pathogenic RNAs that do not code for any protein. Viroids belong to two families, the Avsunviroidae and the Pospiviroidae. Members of the Pospiviroidae family adopt a rod-like secondary structure. In this study the most stable secondary structures of citrus viroid variants that reported from Fars province were drawn. The most stable secondary structures of these viroid variants were a classical rod-like structure and adopted cruciform structure including various additional small hairpins. Comparison of secondary structures of these viroid variants with other viroid variants indicates their highly similarities in the rod-like structures, number of loops and free energies and it’s obvious to result these closest variants of the Pospiviroidae family. HSVd-cit1 and CVd-III-1 differed from under study variants in the stability and number of secondary structure branches. Because of relationship between secondary structure and pathogenicity of viroids, it is supposed that these two variants possibly will have high risk for citrus cultivations. http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-199-en.pdf 2016-09-05 35 38 10.21859/isv.9.4.35 Citrus viroids secondary structures computational analysis SAA Bagherian bagherian@shirazu.ac.ir 1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran. AUTHOR