Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Molecular Detection of Little Cherry Virus 1 (LChV-1) from Iran
1
5
EN
Reza
Pourrahim
Plant Virus Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
pourrahim@yahoo.com
Y
0000-0001-5175-6148
Shirin
Farzadfar
Plant Virus Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
farzadfar2002@yahoo.com
N
0000-0002-9024-9381
Background and Aims: Although little cherry disease (LChD) is considered as one of the main virus diseases of cherry in several countries, however, to date, there is no data on the incidence of LChV-1 in Iran, the main region of commercial sweet cherry production in West Asia.
Materials and Methods: Sweet cherry orchards in north-west Iran including West Azarbaijan, East Azarbaijan Tehran and Qazvin provinces, were surveyed for Little cherry virus 1 (LChV-1) infection. RT-PCR tests of symptomatic leaf samples, using specific primers for LChV-1 coat protein gene (CP). Using CP sequences the phylogenetic tree was constructed and molecular analysis and population differentiation was indicated by different approaches.
Results: Using specific primers a DNA fragment of the expected size about 500 bp in five out of 43 samples, were amplified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the LChV-1 isolates clustered into five groups, which three Iranian isolates fell into GII without a host or geography-based correlation. High nucleotide diversity was determined between the different phylogenetic groups, whereas the within-group diversity of LChV-1 CP gene was evens less. The low nucleotide diversity and high haplotype diversity indicated that the LChV-1 population experienced a bottleneck effect and the population underwent growth after a period of low efficient population size. In addition, the dNS/dS ratios indicate that the GIII is probably under weak positive selection and the GI and GII under strong negative selection. Conclusions: This study showed for the first time the incidence of LChV-1 in sweet cherry orchards in Iran, which is putatively associated with various plant disorders.
Little cherry virus 1 (LChV-1), molecular detection, Iran
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-345-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-345-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Risk of Borna Disease Virus among Asian Psychiatric Patients:
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
6
19
EN
Alireza
Mohebbi
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Mohebbi-a@goums.ac.ir
Y
0000-0003-2489-585X
Mohammad
Yasaghi
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Mohammad.m@goums.ac.ir
N
Zoleikha
Mamizadeh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Zlkhmamzde@gmail.com
N
Ali
Salehnia
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Ali.germany7@gmail.com
N
Nazanin
Lorestani
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Nazanin.lorestani@gmail.com
N
Alijan
Tabarraei
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Tabarraei@goums.ac.ir
N
Background and Aims: The impact of Borna Disease virus (BDV) in Asian psychiatric patients remains to be clear. Epidemiological studies would help to understand the rate of BDV incidence among different groups of patients with psychiatric disorders.
Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis on risk of BDV among Asian psychiatric patients.
Materials and Methods: Literature review was performed on the BDV prevalence in Asia. Data, including both subjects' characteristics and the epidemiology of the virus have been extracted and used for further meta-analysis on genomic and serological data. Odd ratio (OR) has been estimated by using comprehensive meta-analysis software V2. In this regard, I2 and Cochran’s Q-value have been evaluated for heterogeneity. Odds ratio (OR) has been investigated by the confidence interval (CI) of 95%. The Funnel plot and Egger’s and Begg’s statistics were used for evaluating the publication bias. P-value less than 0.05 considered as significant.
Results: Data revealed higher incidence of BDV RNA (5.902 95% CI, 3.97-8.775) in psychiatric patients. Odd ratio was also higher in seropositive patients in comparison with control group (2.334 95% CI, 1.829-2.952). It was also found that ELISA and western-blot methods might over-estimate BDV existence in patients and cause heterogeneity. Conclusions: High prevalence of BDV in psychiatric patients was found in Asia. Furthermore, the results obtained by ELISA and western blot are not reliable enough, which might be resulted from cross-reactive or closely related antibodies in human body fluids.
Borna Disease Virus, Systematic review and meta-analysis, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, Psychiatric Disorders, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-348-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-348-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Fowl Adenoviruses E Cause Inclusion Body Hepatitis Outbreaks in Broiler Flocks: Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis
20
24
EN
Leila
Aghaiyan
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mahsaaghaee@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-6034-2801
Hossein
Hosseini
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Alborz, Iran
hosseini.ho@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-8248-3979
Zahra
Ziafatikafi
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
zahra.ziafati@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-8824-1276
Hamideh
Najafi
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
hamideh.najafi.1988@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-5329-5808
Mohammad Hossein
Fallah Mehrabadi
Department of Poultry Diseases, Razi Vaccine, and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
mhf2480@yahoo.com
N
0000-0002-1221-7771
FatemehSadat
Mousavi
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
fatememousavi7715@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-2507-1038
Niusha
Hajizamani
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Niushahajizamani@yahoo.com
N
0000-0001-8221-2039
Arash
Ghalyanchilangeroudi
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Arashghalyanchi@gmail.com
Y
0000-0001-7914-0863
Background and Aims: Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) associated with FAdV-I ( fowl adenovirus) occurs worldwide in the poultry industry. It is an acute disease mainly affecting young chickens between 3 and 7 weeks of age. The objective of this study was to detect and establish the molecular sequences of the hexon gene from the avian adenovirus strains of group I (FAdV-I) from birds to characterize the serotype of the virus affecting commercial flocks in Iran.
Materials and Methods: Samples were obtained from 2-week old broiler flocks of Ross from Golestan province of Iran on March 2018. DNA was extracted by Sina Pure DNA extraction kit. The 590 bp region of the hexon gene was amplified using a pair of specific primers. The PCR products were sequenced in the forward and reversed direction.
Results: The nucleotide sequences of the hexon gene showed the existence of FAdV-8b from species E among broilers of Golestan province.
Conclusions: This is the first report of FADV in broiler farms in Golestan province, Iran. The FAdV sequences obtained in this work shared 100% homology to those previously found in Iran(2013), Italy, Hungary, China, and Peru. Molecular characterization of viruses circulating in different regions of the country is essentially needed to develop effective vaccines
Inclusion Body Hepatitis, Adenovirus, Iran, Detection
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-354-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-354-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
The Difference in Levels of Cytomegalovirus Antibodies Among Women in Gestation Age
25
31
EN
Zahra
shayesteh
Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Hamedan university of medical sciences, Hamedan, Iran
sepidehshayesteh17@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-1971-3735
shaghayegh
Yazdani
Department of Microbiology, Faculty Of Advanced Siences & Technology, Tehran Medical Siences, Slamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran.
yazdani.vrs2@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-7964-740x
Hossein
Vazeh
Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
H.vazeh@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-8257-3656
Mohammad
Farahmabd
Department of virology, School of public health, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
farahmandm@outlook.com
N
0000-0001-8538-5031
Alireza
Shokouhifar
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
N
leila
beikzadeh
Department of Microbiology ,School of allied medical sciences, Alborz university of medical sciences, Karaj, Iran
beikzadehleila@yahoo.com
Y
0000-0003-1368-6622
Background and Aims: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common viral causes of congenital infection in different areas, and a leading cause of hearing impairment and a contributor to neurodevelopmental disablement in children. Reactivations and reinfections may occur conventionally in the herpes virus family group with the capacity to establish perennial latency in the host.
Materials and Methods: Through a cross-sectional study design, we studied fertile women in a public primary health care center in Karaj city in 1396. In this study, 360 volunteers from women of childbearing age were selected randomly. Then, 5 ml of blood was taken and after serum separation through centrifugation, the serums were frozen at -20°C for further ELISA test. The serums were examined for anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies.
Results: The results showed that 77% of the subjects (280 out of 360) had CMV infection and none of the participants had CMV-IgM antibodies. There was no significant difference between the educational levels, the age group of 30 and under 30 years of age and the infection rate with CMV.
Conclusions: The results of the present study on the high prevalence of positive CMV IgG antibodies were compatible with the results of other studies performed in Iran and elsewhere in the world indicating the previous confrontation of the individuals with cytomegalovirus and the widespread dissemination of this infection in the community.
CMV, Cytomegalovirus, IgG antibodies, Childbearing age
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-333-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-333-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and AIDS in Blood Donors in Ilam Province: A Retrospective Study
32
39
EN
Fariba
Mohammadi Tahroodi
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
faribamt93@yahoo.com
N
0000-0002-2798-6637
Nima
Abdyazdani
Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
nimaabdyazdani@yahoo.com
N
0000-0002-0392-751X
Fatemeh
Shakeri
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
FatemehShakeri1359@yahoo.com
N
0000-0001-9784-5437
Maryam
Rahmani
Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
vrm_653@yahoo.com
N
0000-0001-7141-1059
Mahya Sadat
Afrazian
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.
Mahya.Afrazian@gmail.com
N
0000-0003-3119-7582
Mojtaba
Abbasi
Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
dr.abbasi.m@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-5540-107X
Vahid
Mogharabzadeh
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR Iran.
Bvsbvsbvs1234@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-6822-8798
Sadra
Samavarchi Tehrani
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Tehranisadra94@gmail.com
N
0000-0002-1043-2443
Maryam
Moradi
Department of Immunology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
yrc1365@gmail.com
N
0000-0001-6392-8146
Haleh
Barmaki
Department of laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Paramedical sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Halehbarmaki1361@gmail.com
Y
0000-0003-3829-9952
Background and Aims: One of the most important goals of blood transfusion organizations throughout the world is to provide healthy blood and prevent the transmission of various infectious diseases with blood. Viral hepatitis (HBV and HCV)ccc and HIV are the most important and dangerous threats to the blood transfusion system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C, hepatitis B and AIDS in healthy blood donors in Ilam province, west of Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV was evaluated in 145273 blood donors from 2007 to 2017 who referred to the blood transfusion center of Ilam province. Screening for HIV, HBV and HCV was done with ELISA.
Results: From 145,273 donors, 249 cases were HBV positive, 66 were HCV positive and 6 were HIV positive. Among the total number of people infected with these viruses, 202 were married and 119 were single. The prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV in men was significantly higher than in women (P <0.01). Meanwhile, the rate of disease was higher in individuals over the age of 40 compared to those aged 20 to 40 years old (P <0.01).
Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that blood-borne infections in blood donors in Ilam province have a lower prevalence regarding the results of other studies carried out in other regions of Iran as well as other countries. The exact screening of the blood of male donors over the age of 40 is essential. Therefore, the accurate selection of blood donors is recommended with a view to ensuring the safety of blood recipients, with the emphasis on the sensitivity and specificity of screening methods.
Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Blood Transfusion, Infectious Diseases with Blood
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-360-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-360-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Emergence of Genotype VIIg of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus in Iran, 2018: The First Report
40
46
EN
M
Jabbarifakhar
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
N
MS
Mousavi
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
N
Z
Ziafati
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
N
H
Rezaee
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
N
H
Hosseini
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Alborz, Iran
N
MH
Fallah
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, , Agricultural Research and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
N
R
Esmaeelzadeh Dizaji
Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
N
A
Ghalyanchilangeroudi
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, , Agricultural Research and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
Y
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a prototype member of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), which causes severe and contagious disease in the commercial poultry and wild birds. In this study, we report the results of phylogenetic analyses of recent NDVs isolated from Markazi province of Iran during a recent outbreak in the commercial broiler with respiratory signs and digestive system lesions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolate was clustered within class II NDV, in sub-genotype VII-g. This NDV isolates shared high homology with the prevalent genotype NDV strains that circulate in China and Taiwan (95.39%-84.89%). Overall, our results confirmed the presence of genotype VII-g in Iran (The first report) and indicated that different genotypes of NDV could circulate simultaneously among poultry (VII-d & VII-i). The phylogenetic characterization of these isolates helps to characterize the evolution of NDV and may help with the development of vaccines specific to our regional necessities.
Newcastle disease, Iran, Phylogenetic analysis, Genotyping, Genotype VII-g
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-339-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-339-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Detection of HSV Infection in Patients with Sudden Sensory-Neural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) by Real-time PCR
47
51
EN
Vahid
Zand
1. Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center,
drvzand@gmail.com
N
Mojtaba
Meybodian
1. Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
m.meybodian2017@gmil.com
N
Mohammadhossein
Baradaranfar
1. Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Baradarandar@yahoo.com
N
Sedighe
Vaziribozorg
1. Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
vaziribozorg1408@gmail.com
N
Fatemesadat
Mirzade
2. Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
fatima_mirzadeh@yahoo.com
N
Masoud
Doosti
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
m.doosti58@gmail.com
N
Mohammad
Mandegari
2. Department of Internal Medicine,Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
drmandegarient@gmail.com
N
Mojtaba
Mirzade
Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center
mirmoji@yahoo.com
Y
Background and Aims: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a common disorder diagnosed in otologic and audiologic practices. Its accompanying symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, and permanent hearing loss affecting negatively the life quality of affected patients. Many viruses have been involved in the occurrence of SSNHL especially Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I and II. This study was attempted to explore the association between SSNHL and HSV infection using RT-PCR.
In this case- control study, 56 patients with SSNHL occurring within a 72-hr period were selected as case group and 56 participants who had no recent history of this disease were assigned into control group. Applying real-time PCR, we tracked the genome of the HSV virus and measured its loading.
Control group comprised of 31 (55.4%) male and 25 (46.6%) female and the case group included 26 (46.4%) male and 30 (53.6%) female. The genomic DNA of HSV was measured by Real-time PCR in both groups, and no viral genome was detected.
The findings of the current investigation suggest no relation between HSV and SSNHL. Further research conducting on larger population is recommended to obtain more detailed results.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss, Herpes simplex virus, PCR
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-326-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-326-en.pdf
Iranian Society for Virology
Iranian Journal of Virology
1735-5680
2588-5030
12
1
2018
6
1
Bacteriophages: An Illustrated General Review
52
62
EN
Ramin
Mazaheri Nezhad Fard
Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mazaherinf@sina.tums.ac.ir
Y
Bacteriophages are the most widespread entities on earth, which are able to invade prokaryotes. Bacteriophages play roles in dynamics of bacterial population, pathogenicity, epidemics and evolution. Bacteriophages are taxonomically categorized into two major orders of Caudovirales and Ligamenvirales, five families, nine subfamilies, 145 genera and 684 species; from which, family members of Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, Podoviridae and Inoviridae are the most widespread bacteriophages in nature. Bacteriophages are morphologically categorized into two main categories of tailed and polyhedral, filamentous or pleomorphic bacteriophages. They can have either a single or double stranded DNA or RNA genome. The current review generally introduces bacteriophages using illustrations.
Bacteriophage, prokaryote, bacteria, virus, morphology, taxonomy
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-351-en.html
http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-351-en.pdf