en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Original article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Abstract</span></span></span></b></span></span></span> <div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none; border-right:none; padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Aims: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Coronaviruses are one of the most common viral agents associated with respiratory disease in children, causing severe respiratory infections and hospitalizations in children. However, there is no information about the prevalence of these seasonal coronavirus infection in the northwest of Iran. The aim of this study was to identify and investigate the frequency of NL63, OC-43 and 229E, Influenza type A, B viruses in children less than 5 years of age with respiratory infection in the northwest of Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Material& Method:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> In the present study, 164 respiratory samples were taken from children with respiratory problems who were negative for influenza type A, B and SARS-CoV-2 (Taqman Real Time RT-PCR method). NL63, OC-43 and 229E viruses were evaluated in a panel by Cyber green RT-PCR method.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> In our investigation, 2 out of 164 (1.2%) cases of NL63 infection were detected in children less than one year, but OC-43 and 229E viruses were not detected.&nbsp; NL63 positive samples in this study were detected in late winter and early spring.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Considering the role of this virus in causing respiratory problems in children and immunocompromised patients, identification and diagnosis of these pathogens in respiratory samples is important. Paying attention to viral infections in the northwest of Iran can play an important role in improving the management of infectious agents in this area.</span></span></span></span></div> <br> &nbsp; Coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-NL-63, HCoV-OC-43, HCoV-229E, Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI) 15 25 http://journal.isv.org.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-270-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Moslem Ghaseminia moslemghaseminia7386@gmail.com 10031947532846007828 10031947532846007828 No Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Vahdat Poortahmasebi vahdat2011@gmail.com 10031947532846007829 10031947532846007829 No Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Arezou Azadi azadi_arezou@yahoo.com 10031947532846007830 10031947532846007830 No Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi hbannazadeh@tbzmed.ac.ir 10031947532846007831 10031947532846007831 No Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center,& Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Mahin Ahangar Oskouee ahangar1342@gmail.com 10031947532846007832 10031947532846007832 Yes Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center,& Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran