en تخصصي Special مروری Review article <div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none; border-right:none; padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Abstract</span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Aims: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease due to Orthopoxvirus infection that has reemerged after decades of Smallpox eradication, raising international concern. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was originally found in Central and West Africa in the 1970s, but it has now crossed the borders of Africa, Europe, and America and recorded the most newly infected patients at the time. Common ways of transmission could be the zoonotic and human-to-human transmission. The most common means of transmission are direct and prolonged contact with patient bodily fluids, unprotected contact with lesions, and sexual contact. Early symptoms can manifest as headache, fever, and lymph node inflammation. Despite the similarity in clinical manifestation between Smallpox and Monkeypox, swollen lymph nodes can distinguish MPX from Smallpox. MPX has five stages based on the clinical manifestation of lesions appearing on the skin, macula, papule, vesicle, pustule, and scar. Also, there are several methods for detecting, preventing, and treating MPXV. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Monkeypox and various aspects of the disease were discussed.</span></span></span></span></div> <br> <br> &nbsp; Monkeypox, Poxviruses, Diagnosis, Transmission, Phylogeny, Epidemiology 78 91 http://journal.isv.org.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-333-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra zorrieh@yahoo.com 10031947532846007884 10031947532846007884 Yes Department of Scientific Information and Communication, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran Sana Yousefian Jazi sanayousefian@yahoo.com 10031947532846007885 10031947532846007885 No Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I.R. Iran Fariba Ghaed Amini faribaamini98@gmail.com 10031947532846007886 10031947532846007886 No Department of Management and Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR. Iran Parisa Mohammadisefat parisamohammadisefat@yahoo.com 10031947532846007887 10031947532846007887 No Department of Fisheries Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran