en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Original article <div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none; border-right:none; padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Aims: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Rotavirus is one of the most important causes of acute diarrhea in children under five years. Therefore, the diarrhea samples examination in children is necessary to diagnose the prevalence of rotavirus and determine the predominant genotype. The focus of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus and its predominant genotype in the population of children under five years with acute gastroenteritis in Kermanshah, Iran.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Between October to March 2017, 100 samples were collected and the rotavirus positivity was evaluated by VP6 expression. Then, the dominant genotype in the positive samples was examined by Multiplex seminested PCR with specially designed primers.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> 100 stool samples of children under 5 years with gastroenteritis were taken, 21 sample positive for rotavirus. The highest frequency of genotype was G1P8 (38.1%) and the lowest was G2P4 (14.3%). The most positive rotavirus samples were in the age group of 1-2 years and no rotavirus positive samples were found in the 4-5 age group.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Rotavirus should be considered as an important agent in diarrhea of children, especially children under 1 year, and inappropriate use of antibiotics should be avoided. It is also recommended to determine the dominant genotype to provide a suitable situation for immunization of children against rotavirus in Iran.</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></div> Genotyping, Acute gastroenteritis, Rotavirus 51 56 http://journal.isv.org.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-338-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Rahmanizadeh mohammad_rahmanizadeh@yahoo.com 10031947532846007587 10031947532846007587 No Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Mohsen Moghoofei mohsenmoghoofei@yahoo.com 10031947532846007588 10031947532846007588 No 1. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 2. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Farhad Babaei farhadbabaii@gmail.com 10031947532846007589 10031947532846007589 Yes 1. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 2. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.