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Showing 4 results for Phylogeny
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Volume 9, Issue 3 (8-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Citrus exocortis disease is naturally limited to citrus plants and causes a serious disease on sensitive rootstocks such as trifoliate orange. The aim of this study was to sample new variants of citrus exocortis viroid from Fars trees with yellowing and suberization symptoms and comparison with other isolates of this viroid.
Materials and Methods: A number of symptomatic or symptomless citrus trees were sampled and studied for viroid detection. After RNA extraction, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was conducted and the full length genome of viroids were cloned and sequenced. Three CEVd isolates from Fars were selected and used for comparison with four CEVd isolates from Mazandaran and a number of other sequences from GenBank.
Results: It was shown that on the basis of homology, three CEVd isolates from Mazandaran and all three CEVd isolates from Fars clustered into one group while one of the Mazandaran sequences fell apart.
Conclusions: Therefore we proposed that Iranian CEVd isolates except one isolate from north have the same origin.
Seyed Ali Akbar Bagherian,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aims: CBLVd has been reported from northern of Iran previously. The aim of this study was evaluating new viroid variant from asymptomatic citrus trees of Fars province and comparing with its other isolates.
Materials and Methods: In this study a number of citrus trees without symptoms were sampled and subjected to RNA extraction followed by RT-PCR, cloning and sequencing of PCR products. Molecular properties of viroid variants were compared.
Results: A novel variant of CBLVd from Fars was achieved and used for comparison with a number of other CBLVd sequences from GenBank. It was shown that on the basis of sequence homology, CBLVd isolate from Fars province and two CBLVd isolates reported from Pakistan (Punjab) clustered in one group. It is supposed that these variants possibly will have same origin and probably imported from Pakistan to Iran by infected plant tissues or transplants.
Conclusions: Therefore, we propose that the government regulates the importation of plants and plant products under the precise and rigorous authority of the plant protection institutes.
Msc Niloofar Fariborzi, Dr Hamzeh Alipour, Dr Kourosh Azizi, Dr Neda Eskandarzade, Dr Abozar Ghorbani,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (12-2022)
Abstract
Non-conserved sequences in the parvoviruses' genome are involved in the virus-host interactions, so analysis of the complete genome sequence of the parvoviruses broadens our perspective about parvoviruses' host tropism and evolution. This study aimed to analyze the phylogeny of the 25 parvoviruses that infect invertebrates from Densovirinae and Hamaparvovirinae subfamilies based on the complete genome and NS1 gene sequences. According to the whole-genome phylogenetic tree, hamaparvoviruses are close to each other; however, they are in the middle of densoviruses clades. Applying non-NS1 sequences for constructing the phylogenetic tree causes Hamaparvovirinae to disperse among Densovirinae members, which shows the possible ancestor relationship of these two subfamilies. The divergence difference between the NS1 nucleotide sequence and the whole genome was higher in Densovirinae compared with Hamaparvovirinae. In Hamaparvovirinae, there is approximately no difference in divergence of NS1 gene sequence compared with the whole genome, which indicates that non-NS1 sequences in densoviruses are more diverse than these sequences in Hamaparvovirinae members. The evolutionary divergence between Hamaparvovirinae and Densovirinae was slightly higher in the whole genome compared with NS1 sequences. As both Hamaparvovirinae and Densovirinae used in this study infect invertebrates, the low difference in divergence value between them could be related to their host. Each parvovirus in this study has its unique 5´ and 3´ untranslated regions, which could be used as a genetic fingerprint indicator for parvovirus detection.
Prof. Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra, - Sana Yousefian Jazi, - Fariba Ghaed Amini, Dr. Parisa Mohammadisefat,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (7-2023)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims: Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease due to Orthopoxvirus infection that has reemerged after decades of Smallpox eradication, raising international concern. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was originally found in Central and West Africa in the 1970s, but it has now crossed the borders of Africa, Europe, and America and recorded the most newly infected patients at the time. Common ways of transmission could be the zoonotic and human-to-human transmission. The most common means of transmission are direct and prolonged contact with patient bodily fluids, unprotected contact with lesions, and sexual contact. Early symptoms can manifest as headache, fever, and lymph node inflammation. Despite the similarity in clinical manifestation between Smallpox and Monkeypox, swollen lymph nodes can distinguish MPX from Smallpox. MPX has five stages based on the clinical manifestation of lesions appearing on the skin, macula, papule, vesicle, pustule, and scar. Also, there are several methods for detecting, preventing, and treating MPXV. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Monkeypox and various aspects of the disease were discussed.
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