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Showing 3 results for Respiratory Infection
Bahman Abedi Kiasari, Fh Fallah, Mk Shahkarami, Volume 15, Issue 1 (6-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aims: The role of BK and JC polyomaviruses (BKV and JCV) in the causation of respiratory disease and the natural route of transmission has not well been established. The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of BK and JC viruses in 280 respiratory samples and evaluate their contribution to respiratory disease.
Materials and Methods: PCR was used to screen specimens for BKV and JCV and either single or multiplex RT-PCR, or real time PCR was used to determine co-infection with other viruses. Positive results were confirmed with sequencing.
Results: Of the 280 samples analysed, eight (2.85 %) were positive for BKV. BKV positive samples were from immunocompetent (n=5; 1.78%) and immunocompromised patients (n=3; 1.07%). The positive samples in the immunocompetent group were patients age range 8 days to 29 years. In the immunocompromised group, BKV positive patients age range 30 years to 69 years. Co-infections were found in 3 (37.5%) of the BKV positive samples. No sample was found to be positive for JCV.
Conclusion: Detection of BKV DNA in respiratory specimens supports previous studies suggesting the respiratory tract may be the primary site for acquisition or infection by BK virus at an early age and also reflect the reactivation of latent or persistent infection with the virus. Respiratory tract may not be considered as a site for JC viral persistent infection.
Dr Fahime Edalat, Dr Arash Letafati, Dr Neda Pirbonyeh, Hooman Kheradmandi, Dr Afagh Moattari, Volume 16, Issue 2 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Adenoviruses are dsDNA viruses known for causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, ocular, and genitourinary infections. Epidemiological insights are crucial for public health interventions. This study focuses on the epidemiology of adenoviruses in acute respiratory cases, aiming to enhance preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on collected throat swab samples from individuals under 19 with acute respiratory symptoms. Nested-PCR was used to detect adenovirus presence in 328 samples. DNA extraction, quality assessment, and statistical analyses were conducted to determine prevalence, clinical manifestations, in the papulation under study.
Results: Among the 328 samples analyzed, 72 samples (22%) including 25 male and 47 female tested positive for adenovirus infection using Nested-PCR. Clinical symptoms evaluation revealed distinct manifestations. Fever was presented in 72.6% of cases, cough in 64.6%, and muscular pain in 64%. Gender differences emerged, with 56.3% of infected individuals being females and 34.7% males. Statistical analyses confirmed these associations, providing valuable insights into the prevalence and clinical aspects of adenovirus infections.
Conclusion: The identification of distinct clinical manifestations, coupled with gender-specific prevalence, underscores the complexity of adenovirus infections. These findings contribute crucial knowledge to the understanding of adenovirus epidemiology, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and public health strategies to address their substantial burden on affected populations. Further research and ongoing surveillance are imperative for the effective management and mitigation of adenovirus-related respiratory diseases.
Zahra Ghandehari, Omid Salahi Ardekani, Behnaz Hammami, Mahya Arabi, Morteza Rajabi, Sara Shivaei, Alireza Etrati Kooshali, Melina Molaeian, Mohammad Mehdi Fazeli, Fateme Nurzad, Arash Letafati, Mohammad Mahdi Behzadifar, Sheida Sarrafzadeh, Mehdi Norouzi, Volume 17, Issue 1 (7-2023)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims: COVID-19 is a viral disease that spreads easily, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This illness has led to a worldwide pandemic and has caused many human fatalities. Patients with cancer have a weakened immune system, which makes them more susceptible to various infections. In this research, we wanted to compare mortality, hospitalization rate, and clinical findings in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
Materials and Methods: This research examined the effect of COVID-19 on sixteen individuals diagnosed with MM. Four hospitals—Imam Khomeini, Rouhani, Shariati, and Sina—were included in the study. All participants in affiliated hospitals underwent Real-time PCR testing to determine whether they had a viral infection with SARS-CoV-2. According to Iranian CDC guidelines, the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test was performed on throat specimens using flocked swabs obtained immediately upon admission to confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection. Collaborative clinical virology necessitates the utilization of two pairs of primers, each designed to target two specific genes (the E gene and the RdRP gene).
Results: Patients with MM were found to have a considerably higher risk of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, as per the study results. Common symptoms observed in MM patients with COVID-19 included fever (87.5%), cough (87.5%), and dyspnea (62.5%). Moreover, the study revealed a substantial 17-fold increase in the odds of MM patients with COVID-19 positive compared to their counterparts without COVID-19.
Conclusion: The study results emphasize the critical significance of prompt identification of COVID-19 among patients with MM. It underscores the importance of implementing public health measures, vaccination efforts, and continued research to effectively prevent severe illness and fatalities related to COVID-19 within this vulnerable population.
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