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:: Volume 13, Issue 2 (12-2019) ::
Iran J Virol 2019, 13(2): 42-57 Back to browse issues page
Impact of Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) Disease as a New Threat to Global Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, a Review
Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra , Fatemeh Hassantabar , Mina Ziarati * , Laleh Yazdanpanah Goharrizi , Masoud Seidgar , Kouros Radkhah , Mohammad Sheikh Asadi
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, I.R.Iran
Abstract:   (2668 Views)
Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) causes viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), a hazardous and devastating disease of many species of cultured and marine fish worldwide. It caused by betanodaviruses a serious concern especially in the fry and young fish. This virus infects most of the cultured fishes causing severe mortality. Our current review focuses chiefly on recent studies performed on VNN disease. Recent outbreaks have been reported in China, Indonesia, Singapore and India, affecting the mariculture and aquaculture industry. It also decreased dramatically Mullet stocks in the Caspian Sea. The four main genotypes of VNN were found in all continentals’ except South America. The economic loss due to the virus is mainly due to mortality and spread of infection both vertically and horizontally. Our investigation in recent years suggest that more research and epidemiological surveys should be conducted, especially in critical areas were mariculture farms are planned to be established. Therefore, finding new rapid diagnosis tools, Monitoring and Surveillance program, and effective vaccines, Control, Prevention and Eradication in the comprehensive program should be considered globally.
Keywords: Viral Nervous Necrosis, fish, Mariculture
Full-Text [PDF 625 kb]   (2957 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Review article | Subject: Special
Received: 2020/03/8 | Accepted: 2020/04/15 | Published: 2020/04/15
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Zorriehzahra M J, Hassantabar F, Ziarati M, Yazdanpanah Goharrizi L, Seidgar M, Radkhah K et al . Impact of Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) Disease as a New Threat to Global Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, a Review. Iran J Virol 2019; 13 (2) :42-57
URL: http://journal.isv.org.ir/article-1-380-en.html


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Volume 13, Issue 2 (12-2019) Back to browse issues page
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